10 These results indicate that ACTNs may be important factors in the occurrence and developmental progression of malignant tumors. In these patients, ACTNs serve as independent poor prognostic factors. High ACTN1 and ACTN3 expression levels are associated with shorter event-free survival (EFS) and OS of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). 9 However, few studies have reported the roles of ACTN1, ACTN2, and ACTN3 in cancer cells. 7 Gene amplification of ACTN4 is a potential prognostic biomarker of the overall survival (OS) of oral tongue cancer patients, 8 and promotes metastasis in gastric cancer. ACTN4 plays a key role in promoting tumorigenesis, metastasis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). 5, 6 Four isoforms of ACTNs are known in mammals: ACTN1, ACTN2, ACTN3, and ACTN4. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the key factors and elucidate the mechanisms involved in the occurrence and development of OSCC to identify new markers and therapeutic targets of OSCC diagnosis and provide a theoretical basis for the early diagnosis, prognostic judgment, and development of personalized therapeutic targets of OSCC.Īlpha actinins (ACTNs) are major cytoskeletal proteins and perform important non-muscle functions, such as regulation of cytokinesis, cell adhesion, and migration, besides mediating sarcomere function. 4 The cause of the low survival rate may be attributed to a delay in early diagnosis or lack of specific markers to predict tumor development and patient prognosis. 2, 3 Although local OSCC can be effectively controlled by surgical excision and radiotherapy, metastasis to the lymph nodes and other distant organs significantly decreases the survival rate. 1 More than 90% of oral cancers are estimated to be oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). 1 Oral cancer is one of the 10 most common cancers, and a significant public health threat worldwide. Oral cancer is a malignant neoplasm of the oral cavity.

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